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The Performance Review Process Step-by-Step (for HR)

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The Performance Review Process Step-by-Step (for HR)

Use this performance review process step-by-step for HR to plan the cycle, train managers, run calibration, document outcomes, and follow up fairly and fast.

Oba Adeagbo

Marketing Lead

The hardest part of performance review season is rarely the feedback conversation.

It is the logistics.

It is the chasing of managers who swear they will do it tonight. It is the spreadsheet chaos. It is the one employee who says the rating is unfair, and you have no clean record to defend the process. It is the quiet fear that the cycle will damage trust instead of improving performance.

This is the performance review process step-by-step for HR.

It is built like a system, not a motivational poster.

Step 1: Decide what the review is for

HR’s first job is definition.

Before cadence, templates, or tech, decide what the cycle must achieve.

Common objectives:

  • Development: strengths, gaps, coaching, growth plans
  • Performance decisions: promotions, role changes, performance improvement plans
  • Compensation input: merit increases, bonuses, reward differentiation
  • Compliance and documentation: defensible records and consistent treatment

The CIPD performance appraisal factsheet emphasizes that performance reviews/appraisals include measurement, feedback, and changing methods of gathering and giving feedback.

Practical rule: if you try to do development and salary negotiation in the same meeting, the process will feel political.

If you can, separate the conversations. Do development first. Do pay later.

Step 2: Pick your cycle and timeline

Choose a cadence that fits how your company actually runs.

Common options:

  • Annual: useful for compensation alignment, higher risk of recency bias
  • Biannual: mid-year plus end-year, fewer surprises
  • Quarterly check-ins plus annual summary: strong fit for fast-moving teams

Build the timeline backwards

Start from the final decision date, then work backwards.

Work backwards to set:

  • Employee submission deadline
  • Manager deadline
  • Calibration window
  • HR quality review window
  • Manager training date
  • Process announcement date

Insert image: Sample cycle calendar (simple Gantt-style).

Step 3: Define criteria that make “good” clear

HR needs to set what “good” means.

Your criteria usually sit in four buckets:

  1. Goals, KPIs, OKRs: what they delivered
  2. Competencies: capability and skill
  3. Values and behaviors: how results were achieved
  4. Role expectations: scope, ownership, complexity

If you use ratings, do not stop at labels like “meets expectations.”

Write examples. Show what “meets,” “exceeds,” and “below” looks like in real work.

Africa reality note: in many companies, KPIs are uneven across functions. You can still run a fair review if you balance outcomes, behaviors, and learning, and you document the rationale.

Step 4: Build a workflow that prevents randomness

A clean workflow prevents confusion and reduces complaints.

Common workflows:

  • Self-review, manager review, meeting
  • Self-review, peer inputs, manager review, meeting
  • 360 feedback for leadership roles, manager synthesis, meeting

If you add peer or 360 inputs, be explicit about what they are used for:

  • Development only, or
  • Part of rating and decisions

This clarity stops people from assuming peer feedback is a secret popularity contest.

Step 5: Prepare managers so the process is not a personality lottery

If managers are not trained, your review becomes inconsistent.

Your manager enablement pack should include:

  • A 30 to 45 minute training session
  • Rating scale definitions plus examples
  • Evidence standard (what counts as proof)
  • Bias reminders (recency bias, halo and horns, similarity bias)
  • Short scripts for tough conversations
  • Escalation path for disputes

Fairness anchor: the manager must be able to answer calmly, “What evidence supports this rating?”

Insert image: Manager training slide titled “Feedback that’s specific, not vibes.”

Step 6: Communicate to staff in a way that reduces fear

Your rollout message should be simple and specific.

Clarify:

  • Why the review exists
  • What inputs are collected
  • How ratings and decisions work, if applicable
  • Confidentiality rules
  • Timelines
  • What happens after (development plans, pay decisions, role changes)

Tone matters. In many workplaces, “review season” signals trouble.

A transparent message reduces gossip and speculation.

Step 7: Run the cycle with tracking and quality checks

Now you execute.

A clean run looks like this:

  1. Open the cycle
  2. Collect self-reviews
  3. Collect peer feedback, if used
  4. Collect manager assessments
  5. HR quality review (spot-check)

What HR should flag in quality checks

  • Missing evidence
  • Inconsistent use of criteria
  • Extreme rating patterns from one manager
  • “Everyone is top performer” or “everyone is failing” patterns

This is the discipline that protects fairness.

Step 8: Calibrate to reduce bias and inconsistency

Calibration is where HR prevents one manager’s standards from becoming everyone’s problem.

It is a structured discussion to align expectations and reduce bias.

You do not need a complex committee to start:

  • Small companies: HR plus leadership review
  • Medium and large companies: sessions by function

Insert image: Calibration meeting with managers comparing ratings using a rubric.

What to calibrate

  • Rating distribution consistency
  • Evidence strength behind top and low ratings
  • Equity checks across demographics, where lawful and appropriate
  • Alignment between ratings and actual outcomes

Managers should leave calibration with clarity on the “why,” plus next actions for each person.

Step 9: Document outcomes and support the employee conversations

This is where HR ensures the process produces outputs, not just meetings.

Typical outputs:

  • Final rating, if used
  • Strengths and development areas
  • Goals for the next cycle
  • Documented development plan
  • Promotion and compensation recommendations, if in scope

Documentation standard: what “defensible” looks like

A defensible record includes:

  • What was assessed (criteria)
  • The evidence basis
  • A short summary of the conversation
  • Next actions plus follow-up dates

Public-sector examples in Africa show how formal cycles often require multiple review checkpoints. 

For instance, Nigeria’s public service PMS guidelines reference monthly, quarterly, and end-of-year reviews within the cycle. 

If your cycle can affect employment decisions, documentation discipline matters.

Step 10: Close the loop with follow-ups and a retro

The cycle is not complete when forms are submitted.

Close the loop with:

  • 30 to 45 day follow-up check-ins
  • Learning plans and training actions
  • HR retro: what broke, what worked, what to change next cycle

A strong cycle improves over time because HR treats it like a system.

Insert image: HR retro meeting with sticky notes labeled Keep, Fix, Improve.

Templates HR can reuse immediately

Template 1: HR performance review master checklist (step-by-step)

Phase HR deliverable Minimum standard
Design Purpose + scope + cadence Clear separation of development vs pay if possible
Criteria Rating rubric / expectations Examples of performance at each level
Enablement Manager training + scripts Evidence-based feedback + bias controls
Comms Staff announcement + FAQs Timelines, confidentiality, how decisions work
Execution Workflow + reminders Submission tracking + quality spot-checks
Calibration Calibration session plan Criteria alignment + rationale checks
Outcomes Documentation + storage Consistent records + follow-up commitments
Improve Post-cycle retro Update templates + manager coaching

Template 2: Simple RACI

Activity HR Manager Employee Leadership
Define purpose and policy A/R C C A
Set timeline A/R C I C
Draft criteria and rubric A/R C I C
Self-review I C A/R I
Manager review C A/R C I
Calibration A/R R I A
Final conversations C A/R A/R I
Development plan C A/R A/R C

A = Accountable, R = Responsible, C = Consulted, I = Informed

Copy-paste scripts (use as-is)

Script 1: HR launch message to employees

“Hi everyone. Our performance review cycle opens on [date] and closes on [date]. The goal is to review results, clarify expectations, and agree on development actions for the next cycle. You will complete a short self-review first, then your manager will add their assessment, and you will have a review conversation. Ratings will be used for [development only / performance decisions / compensation input]. If you have questions, check the FAQ or reply to this message. Timelines and steps are in the link below.”

Script 2: HR nudge to managers

“Quick reminder that manager reviews are due on [date]. Please ensure each rating and comment is supported by evidence, not general impressions. If you are blocked, reply with what you need and we will help.”

Script 3: Manager opener for the review meeting

“Thanks for preparing your self-review. Today I want us to do three things. Review what went well, name what needs to improve, and agree on a clear plan for the next cycle. I will share the evidence behind my assessment, and I want your input too.”

Script 4: Manager response to “this rating is unfair”

“I hear you. Let’s slow down and look at the criteria we agreed to, then the evidence we have from the cycle. If you think something important is missing, tell me what it is and we will add it to the record before we finalize next steps.”

African workplace realities (adapt without lowering the standard)

When KPIs are weak

If you cannot measure everything, do not pretend you can.

Do this instead:

  • Define evidence of impact by role
  • Use project outcomes, timeliness, quality, customer feedback
  • Document constraints (budget, staffing, dependencies)

When reviews turn into salary negotiations

This happens often.

Reduce drama by:

  • Stating clearly what part of the cycle informs pay
  • Separating pay conversations where possible
  • Keeping development and support in the review conversation

When public-sector structure meets private-sector speed

Public service systems often use structured checkpoints.

Even in private sector, the checkpoint idea is useful. It reduces surprises and improves fairness.

FAQs

How long should HR plan for a full review cycle?

For an annual cycle, 6 to 10 weeks end-to-end is common if design is already done. Larger organizations need more time for calibration and quality checks.

Do we need calibration if we do not use ratings?

Yes. Even without ratings, calibration aligns expectations and reduces bias in narrative feedback.

What is the minimum documentation HR should keep?

At minimum: criteria used, manager summary, employee response if any, goals and development actions, and a follow-up plan.

How do we reduce manager bias complaints?

Use clear rubrics, require evidence, train managers, and run calibration.

What if managers do not submit on time?

Assume this will happen, then design for it. Publish the timeline early, schedule nudges, and escalate late submissions the same way every cycle.

If you are still running this with spreadsheets

Spreadsheets fail in predictable ways:

  • Version confusion
  • Incomplete submissions
  • Weak audit trail
  • Poor follow-up
  • No visibility into completion rates and patterns

A system reduces HR workload because it enforces workflow, evidence standards, and visibility.

If you use Talstack, keep the positioning simple: it helps you run structured cycles, connect outcomes to goals, and convert development gaps into training actions without spreadsheet sprawl.

One next step

Open your calendar and block 45 minutes this week.

Use that time to write your purpose statement, pick your cadence, and build the timeline backwards. Once the timeline is real, everything else becomes easier.

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